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The sounds "shun" and "zhun" are represented by a
large hook written at the end of the stroke, regardless of the
longhand spelling.
Inside curves
Straight strokes:
– Balancing the outline
– Away from the preceding vowel
– After Tee, Dee or Jay
Small Shun Hook
Adding S
In middle of outline
On a halved stroke
Words with
alternative pronunciations
When not to use
For vocalisation see
Theory 2 Vowels/4. Shun Hook
Inside curves
As with other hooks to curves, the Shun Hook is always
written inside the curve, never outside. It is written approximately
one third the length of the stroke (the same size as the L hook on
curved strokes):
fashion fission fusion infusion confusion
fruition Friesian
vision television evasion invasion innovation renovation deprivation
conservation starvation devotion elevation session concession
botheration
association*
appreciation depreciation
differentiation propitiation initiation emaciation
*See
alternative outline below
mission omission permission submission motion promotion locomotion
remission intermission animation
transmission* ambition impassion nation donation
*N omitted
attention intention ammunition
diminution admonition explanation clinician
function junction unction
compunction distinction extinction sanction (K
sound omitted)
lotion lesion convolution
revolution revelation volition
annihilation relation ablution erosion oration
You cannot combine the large Shun Hook with N Hook, the
full stroke N must be used:
pension expansion mention mansion tension contention pretension detention
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Straight strokes:
The Shun Hook can be written on either side of a
straight stroke, according to the following rules. It is written
approximately one third the length of the stroke (the same size as
the hooks in Kwa and Gwa). Balancing the
outline takes precedence over rules (b) and (c):
(a) Balancing the
outline
The Shun Hook is written on the opposite side to
an initial attachment (circle, loop or hook), to help the outline
remain straight when written at speed. If the attachments at each
end were on the same side, the stroke would tend to curve and become
illegible:
suppression conception reception, completion compression
depletion
depression, implosion
impression, explosion expression
station citation superstition*
sedation sedition consideration contrition
*Dictionary has a U diphthong
for "super" but this is no longer a common pronunciation
secretion seclusion, concretion
conclusion, accretion occlusion
celebration conflagration incursion oppression
appropriation refrigeration
abrasion hesitation intrusion
extrusion Prussian Goshen*
*dictionary outline, some books give
downwards stroke Ish for Goshen
Two straight strokes in the same direction also
require their attachments balancing:
probation approbation correction
collection
A preceding curved stroke that makes no angle with
the straight stroke requires to balanced, for the same reason, i.e. to to prevent outline becoming one long
indeterminate and illegible curve:
vacation invocation fiction
affection confection infection affliction
location selection hypothecation*
*slight but insufficient angle,
therefore needs balancing
The strokes that have initial attachment as part
of their basic form also need to observe balance, as there is the
same tendency to
curve the outline:
persuasion cohesion adhesion equation
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(b) Away from
the preceding vowel
If there is no balancing required, then the
direction of the Shun Hook is able to indicate the presence of a
vowel, without actually writing it. The hook is written on the
opposite side of the preceding vowel. Mnemonic: the hook "shuns" the vowel:
option passion potion, action occasion, auction caution
cushion,
defection deification
portion Persian operation apparition,
abortion aberration, aspersion aspiration
education diction, induction
indication, election allocation allegation
direction* attraction
refraction reflection Egyptian adoption distribution libation
*2
pronunciations
contraction construction constriction
complexion application inaction embrocation
ration variation discolouration
(discoloration) maceration laceration
Polynesian Melanesian Caucasian decoction Eurasian
but
Australasian
"er-shun" uses Ray rather than Ar as it
keeps the outline moving forward and is therefore quicker and more legible:
insertion coercion
immersion diversion inversion introversion* Martian
* doubled "intro-" has no dot vowel, but
"inter-" always does
But
version marchioness
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(c) After Tee Dee
Jay
As there is always a vowel between a Tee, Dee
or Jay, and the Shun Hook, it is not necessary to indicate its presence,
and therefore, if there is no balancing required, the Shun Hook is written on the right hand side
(anticlockwise) in order to keep the outline moving forward:
edition addition audition rotation
notation annotation salutation
tradition
transportation* erudition liquidation logician magician
*N omitted
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Small Shun Hook
The small Shun Hook can be used after a Circle S
or En Hook+Circle S by continuing the motion of
the circle. The end of the hook is level with the end of the stroke:
composition compensation decision
condensation
taxation vexation acquisition
inquisition
cessation conversation
musician incision sensation
authorisation sterilisation pulsation canalisation
A preceding third place dot vowel or diphone is shown next to
the small Shun Hook; second place vowels are not indicated; first
place vowels do not occur between S-Shun:
precession precision decision
pronunciation denunciation renunciation annunciation but
enunciation*
*To distinguish it from "annunciation"
Association Below
is an advanced non-dictionary outline that reflects its
alternative pronunciation "asso-SI-ashun", and its use is worth considering, as it
is such a common word. Its representation in phrases is however normal theory that you will find in
instruction books (although the Circle S in the phrases is
representing the first S sound i.e. "so-shun"):
association, regional association, medical
association, political association
Derivatives of this, as well as similar words
and their derivatives (appreciation etc, see
above) all use stroke Ish and this should be
adhered to, as not all of them can be pronounced with the S sound as
an alternative. To "convert" them all would create clashes,
unreliability and ultimately hesitation. The S sound
seems to be preferred when there are
two SH's in the word, which can be awkward to say clearly.
See also
Theory 4 Circles/Small
Shun Hook
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Adding S
Circle S can be added to both large and small Shun Hooks:
actions fashions decisions conversations
The Shun hooks do not take Stee or Ster loops, or
any other hooks. The Circle S may end up slightly flattened into a
small loop but should be kept small. The Shun Hook to should not be
allowed to sprawl, to avoid mistaking it for a full stroke. Imagine these pairs written less than neatly
and without vowels:
actions anxious, fashions fishes,
editions dishes
Words written in longhand with double SS are still
just plain Shun, do not be tempted by the longhand spelling to
insert an additional Circle S:
passion
compare position,
impression compare
imprecision
Top of page In middle of
outline
Medial Shun Hooks generally join well, although
in some joins the large hook needs to be opened out slightly.
optional sectional rational
additional conditional traditional
emotional promotional national notional
occasional exceptional
affectionate extortionate
confectioner commissioner conditioner
probationer pensioner*
*Ray is used in "shun-er" when it
makes a better join than Ar
dictionary revolutionary visionary
cautionary discretionary confectionery missionary
positional transitional
conversational conversationalist sensational sensationalism
actionable fashionable impressionable
impressionism
The direction of the Shun Hook is maintained
when it is used medially, but in a few words it changes
sides in order to join the last syllable:
station
stationery*
stationary* dispassion
dispassionate
*How to
remember the difference:
Stationery
(=paper) ends in
ER like paper
Stationary
(=motionless) ends in
AR like parked
car
Shun Hook cannot take a loop, therefore "-shun-ist"
uses a halved Ess, either up or down:
perfectionist revolutionist educationist revisionist
"-s-shun-ist" needs expanding to full strokes:
succession successionist opposition
oppositionist conversation conversationist Some endings have to be disjoined
or use full strokes for the "shun":
pensionable mentionable sanctionable
Small Shun Hook can be used medially in
derivatives:
positional positioned positioning requisitioned
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On a halved stroke
The Shun Hook is written about half the length of
the halved stroke and the T or D is sounded last:
actioned conditioned rationed fashioned
motioned provisioned functioned
But sanctioned
impassioned affectioned
With stroke En, halved stroke Ish is preferred,
because the join between a full stroke and a halved En would have no
angle and be illegible:
pensioned tensioned mentioned
Note that the halvings above only represent D,
mostly past tenses. For the SH-NT sound, use Ish and not the
Shun Hook, because they are not derivatives of any word that uses
Shun:
ancient omniscient prescient*
impatient* patient*
compare
passionate which has a vowel before the T
*full Ish, because lack of sharp
angle: halving would be acceptable (as it "brushed" "pushed") but
with the hook as well the outline would become indistinct
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When not to use
After a triphone (mostly long U diphthong plus another
vowel), the stroke Ish is used to provide distinguishing outlines:
situation station, evacuation vacation, graduation gradation
attenuation attention,
continuation contention,
extenuation extension
evaluation*
evolution,
condition tuition, habitation habituation
*upwards Ish to balance the outline
actuation, striation*
*upwards Ish to balance the outline
The following words use the Shun
Hook despite the triphone, in order to avoid a very long outline and
as they are unlikely to clash with another
word:
accentuation fluctuation infatuation insinuation perpetuation
punctuation superannuation*
*Dictionary has a U diphthong
for "super" but this is no longer a common pronunciation
Shun Hook is used after diphones:
radiation mediation aviation
deviation alleviation
Some words look like shun but on closer inspection
they do not contain the SH sound:
T
sound (often slurring to CH):
question exhaustion combustion bastion fustian suggestion
S or Z sound:
hessian Parisian Elysian
Shorthand
inclination decision
revision examination
jubilation remuneration
promotion
satisfaction!
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